Lotus Yuan

地球人請注意：本條目是袁蓮花的鷹語版。

Lotus Yuan, born in Suzhou, China, is a renowned Chinese physicist, chemist and one of the world's leading experts in homework engineering. Yuan is a pioneer in the field of homework engineering. He is an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and the director of the National Institute of Homework. Yuan is also a professor and doctoral advisor at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, the director of Suzhou Institute of Homework Engineering and the principal consultant at UNESCO.

Yuan was born in Suzhou, Jiangsu, China, and he showed expertise in science at very young age. At the age of three, he was able to recite the periodic table in reverse order. When he was only five, he was widely regarded as a child prodigy because he can identify water as dihydrogen monoxide. He taught himself many high school courses when studying at primary school. After entering high school, he taught himself graduate-level physics, chemistry and mathematics. As a student of Suzhou High School, he participated in the mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, informatics Olympiads, and received first prize in each subject. He was offered pre-admission by Peking University and Tsinghua University many times, but finally decided to enter the SJTU for personal reasons. After graduating from SJTU with a GPA of 4.3, he went to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology from his graduate study. Yuan studied many interdisciplinary subjects at MIT, including Billy Herrington of superstring theory and quantum field theory, physical organic chemistry, and last but most important, homework engineering.

影響

走在蘇州中學的校園裡，只要說起袁蓮花，可謂無人不知無人不曉。「九門學科七個滿分」、「五門競賽三門保送」等等都是同學和老師描述他的常用語。他參加IChO競賽期間，比利·海靈頓、糞味噌的技術、金坷垃等著名科學家先後接見了他，並給予鼓勵。

成就

1. Yuanlianhua-Nolan反應（正四面體烷合成第一步）

   該反應為構建張力巨大的正四面體烷環系提供了可能，1978年G. Maier, S. Pfriem, U. Sch?fer 和 R. Matusch經過6步產率不高的反應才合成正四面體烷的四叔丁基取代物，如今只需一步即可完成，產率很高，還可以用來合成其他衍生物。

2. Yuanlianhua-stibium羰基烯酮化反應

   R₂CO + [C₈]⁺[AsF₆]^- → R₂C=C=O + (CF)_n + AsF₃

   酮與石墨的六氟砷酸鹽作用生成烯酮。該反應可用於合成乙烯二酮，產物用質譜儀可檢測到，半衰期10^-5s。

3. Yuanlianhua不對稱環氧化反應

   該反應使用手性連二次碳酸酯為催化劑，二過氧化二丙酮為氧化劑，可將烯烴選擇性極高地轉化為環氧化合物。該反應的特點是氧化劑立體專一地從空間位阻較大的一側進攻，因而用途廣泛，被認為是Sharpless不對稱環氧化反應之後最偉大的發現之一。

4. 磷賓的反應（phosphorene）

   包括C=C插入，[2+7]、[2+5]環加成反應，磷賓轉移，雙自由基環化/電環化反應等等。

榮譽

• 1967 國際奧林匹克競賽金牌
• 1978 江蘇省十大傑出青年
• 1980 中國青年科學家提名獎
• 1985 國家科技進步一等獎
• 1988 香港蔣氏科技成就獎
• 1989 美國中國工程師學會個人成就獎
• 1993 國家重大技術裝備成果獎特等獎
• 1997 聯合國教科文組織科學獎
• 2000 國家級有突出貢獻的中青年專家
• 2001 中國工程院院士
• 2003 全國勞動模範
• 2005 哈佛大學名譽博士學位
• 2012 比利獎